Shaxda tusmada
Viet Minh intii lagu jiray Kacaankii Agoosto, 26 Agoosto 1945 (Sawirka Xuquuqda: Domain Dadweynaha).Maqaalkan waxa laga soo xigtay Dagaalkii Vietnam: Taariikhda la sawiran ee iskahorimaadka Koonfur Bari Aasiya , oo uu tafatiray Ray Bonds oo uu daabacay Salamander Books 1979. Erayada iyo sawirradu waxay ku hoos jiraan shatiga laga helo Buugaagta Pavilion oo laga soo daabacay daabacaadda 1979 iyada oo aan la qabsan.
Vietnam waxa ay gumaysi ku haysatay Faransiiska tan iyo 1858. Faransiisku waxa uu soo saaray xaddi badan oo ka mid ah alaabta ceeriin ee Vietnam, waxa uu ka faa'iidaystay shaqada maxaliga ah iyo in uu xakameeyo xuquuqda madaniga ah iyo kuwa siyaasadeed, taas oo keentay iska caabin xooggan oo ka soo horjeeda Faransiiska. 1930kii.
Duullaankii Japan iyo qabsashadii Vietnam 1940-kii ka dib waxa uu Vietnam ka dhigay bar-tilmaameed u ah siyaasadda arrimaha dibadda ee Maraykanku ka dib bamkii Jabaan ee Pearl Harbor 1941.
Si loola dagaallamo labadii Jabaan ee gumaystayaashii iyo Maamulkeedii Vichy ee Faransiiska, Ho Chi Minh kacaankii Vietnam - oo ay dhiirigelisay shuuciyada Shiinaha iyo Soofiyeedka - ayaa sameeyay Viet Minh 1941, dhaqdhaqaaq iska caabin shuuci ah. Ka soo horjeedkooda Jabbaan waxay la macno tahay inay taageero ka heleen Maraykanka, Shiinaha iyo Midowgii Soofiyeeti.
Mabda'a xaqa aayo-ka-tashiga ee waddanku leeyahay (ie inay si xor ah u doortaan madax-bannaanidooda iyo maqaamkooda siyaasadeed ee caalamiga ah iyada oo aan la faragelin). markii hore waxaa lagu dejiyey Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points 1918, oo lahaaloo aqoonsaday xuquuq sharci oo caalami ah 1941kii Axdigii Atlantic.
Kadib markii Japan ay is dhiibtay oo ay ka tagtay Imbaraadoorkii Faransiiska wax ku bartay ee Bao Dai, Ho Chi Minh waxa uu ku qanciyay in uu ka tago oo uu ku dhawaaqo dawlad madax banaan oo Vietnamese ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, inkasta oo Axdigii Atlantic-ka, Maraykanku waxa uu aad u jeclaa Vietnam in ay dib u soo celiso xukunkii Faransiiska, taas oo u gogol xaaraysay dagaalkii kowaad ee Indochina.
Bidix – không rõ / Dongsonvh. Sax - lama yaqaan. (Labada sawir ee Domain Dadweynaha)
> 1945> 9 Maarso – Fiyatnaam "madax-bannaan" oo leh Emperor Bao Dai oo magac ahaan u taliya ayaa waxaa ku dhawaaqay maamulka qabsashadii Japan.<6
2 Sebtembar 2 – Xisbiga Madaxbanaanida Viet Minh ee uu maamulo shuuciga ayaa awooda la wareegay. Ho Chi Minh waxa uu Hanoi ka dhisay Dawladda Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Vietnam.
> 22 Sebtembar – Ciidanka Faransiisku waxay ku noqdeen Vietnam waxayna la dagaalameen xoogaga shuuciga iyo kuwa qaranka.
<10 Fansiiska u-qoonsada Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Fiyatnaam inay tahay dawlad xor ah oo katirsan Isbahaysiga Indochine iyo Midowga Faransiiska.19 December – Viet Minh waxa ay bilawday dagaalkii siddeeda sano socday ee Indochina iyaga oo weerar ku qaaday ciidamada Faransiiska ee jooga waqooyiga aqoonsan gobol “madax-banaan” ee Vietnam, Bao Dai waxa uu noqdaa hogaamiyaheeda bisha June.
19 Julaay – Laos waxa loo aqoonsan yahay dawlad madax banaan oo xidhiidh la lehFrance.
8 Noofambar – Kamboodiya waxa loo aqoonsan yahay dawlad madax-bannaan oo aan xidhiidh la lahayn Faransiiska.
>1950
>>Janaayo – Jamhuuriyadda Shacbiga ee dhawaan la aas-aasay ee Shiinaha, oo uu ku xigay Midowgii Soofiyeeti, waxa ay aqoonsatay Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga ah ee Vietnam ee uu hoggaamiyo Ho Chi Minh.
8 May – Maraykanku waxa uu ku dhawaaqay ciidan iyo Kaalmada dhaqaale ee talisyada faransiiska taageersan ee Vietnam, Laos, iyo Cambodia.
1954
7 May – Hadhaaga ciidankii Faransiiska ee Dien Bien Phu is dhiibi.
> 7 July – Ngo Dinh Diem, oo dhawaan loo doortay raysal wasaaraha Koonfurta Vietnam, waxa uu dhamaystiray habaynta golihiisa wasiirada.
> 20-21 July - Heshiisyada Geneva waa la saxeexay, iyada oo loo qaybinayo Vietnam iyada oo la raacayo 17th Parallel iyo samaynta Guddiga Xakamaynta Caalamiga ah si ay u kormeeraan u hoggaansanaanta Heshiisyada
>> 8 Sebtembar - Heshiiska ayaa lagu saxeexay Manila samaynta Ururka Heshiisyada Koonfur-bari Aasiya, ujeeddadiisuna tahay in lagu hubiyo ballaarinta shuuciyadda.
5 Oktoobar – Faransiiska ugu dambeeyay roops ka tagay Hanoi.
>> 11 Oktoobar – Viet Minh waxay si rasmi ah ula wareegtay gacan ku haynta Waqooyiga Vietnam Waxay kula talisay Diem in Maraykanku uu si toos ah gargaar u siin doono Koonfurta Vietnam, halkii uu ka sii marin lahaa maamulka Faransiiska.
Xiriirrada US
>Faransiiska ayaa baxay 1954-tii iyo Ballanqaadka gargaarka Dwight Eisenhower ayaa qaatahayn. >
Guushii dagaalkii gumaysi-diidka (laga soo horjeeday Faransiiska intii u dhaxaysay 1945 iyo 1954, oo uu taageeray gargaarka Maraykanku) waxay arkeen Vietnam, Laos iyo Cambodia oo siisay madaxbannaani. Vietnam waxay kala qaybsantay Waqooyiga iyo Koonfurta, 1958-kiina waqooyiga shuuciga (Vietcong) waxay hawlgallo millatari ka wadeen xadka. Madaxweyne Eisenhower waxa uu u diray 2,000 oo la-taliyeyaal ciidan ah si ay isugu dubbaridaan dadaalka ka-hortagga shuuciga ee Koonfurta Vietnam. Laga soo bilaabo 1960 ilaa 1963 Madaxweyne Kennedy wuxuu si tartiib tartiib ah u kordhiyey awoodda la-talinta ee SV ilaa 16,300.
1955 olole guul leh oo ka dhan ah Binh Xuyen iyo kooxaha diinta.
>> 10 May – Koonfurta Vietnam waxay si rasmi ah u codsanaysaa macalimiinta Maraykanka ee ciidamada qalabka sida.
>> 16 May - Maraykanku waxa uu ogolaaday in uu gargaar milatari siiyo Cambodia, oo noqota dawlad madax-banaan 25ka Sebtembar.
20 July – South Vietnam waxa ay diiday in ay ka qayb qaadato doorashooyinkii Vietnam oo dhan ee lagu baaqay. by the Geneva Agreements, oo ku andacoonaya in doorashooyin xor ah aysan suurtagal ahayn Waqooyiga Shuuci.
>> 23 Oktoobar - Afti qaran ayaa meesha ka saartay Bao Dai oo u hiiliyay Diem, oo ku dhawaaqay Jamhuuriyadda Vietnam. 6>
1956
> 18 Feebarwari – Markii uu booqanayay Peking, Amiirka Cambodia ee Norodom Sihanouk waxa uu ka tanaasulay ilaalinta SEATO qarankiisa.
>> 31 March - Prince Souvanna Phouma wuxuu noqday Ra'iisul Wasaaraha gudahaLaos.
28 April – Kooxda Latalinta Kaalmada Military ee Maraykanka, (MAAG) ayaa la wareegtay tababarida ciidamada Koonfurta Vietnam, Taliskii Sare ee Militariga Faransiiska oo kala diray iyo ciidamadii Faransiiska oo ka baxay Koonfurta Vietnam.
5 Agoosto – Souvanna Phouma iyo Amiirka Shuuciga ah Souphanouvong ayaa ku heshiiyey dawlad wadaag ah Laos – Guddiga kantaroolka caalamiga ah waxa uu caddeeyey in Waqooyiga Vietnam iyo Koonfurta Vietnam midkoodna aanu fulin Heshiisyadii Geneva.
>>29 May – Pahet Lao ee Shuuciga ah oo isku dayey in ay awoodda Laos la wareegto.
Juun - Howlgallada tababarka Faransiiska ee ugu dambeeya ee ka baxsan koonfurta Vietnam.
Waaxda Difaaca. Waaxda Ciidanka Cirka. NaIL Control Number: NWDNS-342-AF-18302USAF / Public Domain
>> 1958
>Janaayo – Xoogaga shuuciga ah ayaa weeraray beer ku taal waqooyiga Saigon.
1959
Abriil – Waa laan ka mid ah Lao Dong (Xisbiga Shaqaalaha ee Vietnam), kaas oo Ho Chi Minh uu noqday Xoghaye Guud 1956, ayaa laga sameeyay Koonfurta , iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa dhulka hoostiisa ee shuucigu wuu kordhaa.
>> May – Taliyaha guud ee Maraykanka, Baasifiga, wuxuu bilaabay inuu u diro la-taliyayaal ciidan oo ay codsatay dawladda Koonfurta Vietnam.
>> Juun-Julaay - Ciidanka Shuuciga ah ee Pathet Lao waxay isku dayaan inay gacanta ku dhigaan waqooyiga Laos, iyagoo helay xoogaaCaawimada Shuuciga Fiyatnaamiis.
> 8 Luulyo – Koonfurta Fiyatnaamiis ee shuuciga ah ayaa dhaawacay lataliyayaal Maraykan ah intii lagu jiray weerar lagu qaaday Bien Hoa la wareegay gacan ku haynta Laos.
1960
>> 5 May – Awoodda MAAAG waxa laga dhigay 327 ilaa 685 xubnood.
>> 9 Agoosto – Kabtanka Kong Le waxa uu qabsaday Vientiane waxana uu ku baaqay in dib loo soo celiyo Laos dhexdhexaad ah oo hoos timaada Amiir Souvanna Pourna 1> Disembar – Waxaa la sameeyay Jabhadda Xoraynta Qaranka Shuuciga (NLF) ee Koonfurta Vietnam.
16 Diseembar – Ciidanka Phoumi Nosavan ayaa qabsaday Vientiane.
1961
4 January – Prince Boun Oum waxa uu abaabulay dawlad taageersan Galbeedka Laos, Waqooyiga Vietnam iyo USSR u dir gargaar fallaagada Shuuciga ah.
1> 11-13 Maajo – Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Lyndon B. Johnson oo booqday Koonfurta Vietnam. >> 16 May – Shir 14-ka waddan ka kooban oo ku saabsan Laos ayaa ku kulmay Geneva.> 1-4 Sebtembar – Viet Cong f Ciidamada ayaa weeraro xiriir ah ka fuliyay gobolka Kontum ee Koonfurta Vietnam
18 Sebtembar – Guutada Viet Cong ayaa qabsaday magaalo madaxda gobolka Phuoc Vinh, oo 55 mayl (89km) u jirta Saigon.
>8 Oktoobar – Kooxaha Lao waxay ku heshiiyeen inay samaystaan isbahaysi dhexdhexaad ah oo uu madax u yahay Souvanna Phouma, laakiin waxay ku heshiin waayeen qaybsiga jagooyinka golaha wasiirrada.
Sidoo kale eeg: 10 Xaqiiqo oo ku saabsan Eva Braun>> 11 Oktoobar - Madaxweyne John F,Kennedy wuxuu ku dhawaaqay in lataliyihiisa guud ee militariga, General Maxwell D. Taylor, USA, uu aadi doono Koonfurta Vietnam si uu u soo baadho xaaladda.
Sidoo kale eeg: Sida Nin Waayeel ah uu Tareen ugu Istaagay taasoo keentay in la Helo Farshaxan Weyn oo Naasigu Bililiqo>16 November – Natiijadii howlgalka Taylor, Madaxweyne Kennedy wuxuu go'aansaday inuu kordhiyo kaalmada milatari ee Koonfurta Vietnam, isaga oo aan gaysanin ciidamada dagaalka ee Maraykanka.
Madaxweyne Kennedy 1961kii oo wata khariidadda CIA ee Vietnam (Sawirka Credit: Central Intelligence Agency / Public Domain).
10>1962
> 3 Febraayo –Barnaamijka "Hamlet istiraatijiyadeed" wuxuu ka bilaabmay Koonfurta Vietnam.>> 7 Febraayo – Xoogga militariga Mareykanka Koonfurta Vietnam waxa ay gaadhay 4,000, iyada oo ay imanayaan laba qaybood oo dheeraad ah oo duulista Ciidanka ah.
>>8 February – US MAAG waxa dib loo habeeyey iyada oo ah Taliska Kaalmada Milatari ee Maraykanka, Vietnam (MACV), oo hoos imanaysa General Paul D. Harkins, USA.
27 February – Madaxweyne Diem ayaa ka badbaaday dhaawac markii laba diyaaradood oo laga leeyahay Koonfurta Vietnam ay weerareen Madaxtooyada.
> 6-27 May – Ciidankii Phoumi Nosavan waa la jabiyay, iyaga oo waddada u xaaraya r degitaanka Laos.
>>>Agoosto – Ciidanka Gargaarka Australia ee First Vietnam (MAF) Dagaalkii Ap Bac ARVN ee lala taliyo lataliyayaal Maraykan ah waa la jabiyay.
>> Abriil –Bilowgii Chieu Hoi(“Open Arms”) barnaamijka cafiska, oo ujeeddadiisu ahayd Dibadbaxa VC si ay u taageeraan dowladdaDabaaldegga dhalashadii Budha, mudaaharaadyada Buddhist-ga dalka oo dhan ayaa sii socda illaa Agoosto.> 11 Juun – Ugu horreeya toddobadii suufiyadood ee Buddhist ah oo isku dilay dab iyaga oo ka soo horjeeda cadaadiska ayaa ku dhintay Saigon.<6 Madaxwayne Kennedy katirsanaa waxa uu taageeray militariga Koonfurta Vietnam ee afgambigii madaxwayne Diem iyo nidaamkiisii. Ngo Dinh Diem waxa uu ku hawlanaa nidaam u hiiliyay dadka laga tirada badan yahay ee Katooliga iyada oo kharashka ka bixinaysa aqlabiyadda Buddhist, xasiloonida dalka oo uu ku hanjabay in uu awood u yeelanayo la wareegidda shuuciga. Diem waxaa lagu dilay habka afgambiga, inkastoo JFK uusan taageerin tan - dhab ahaantii warka ayaa la sheegay inuu ka cadhooday isaga - dilkiisa ayaa la macno ah in aan marnaba la ogaan karin in uu sii kordhin lahaa khilaafka sida Madaxweyne Johnson uu samayn lahaa.
1-2 Noofambar – Inqilaab milatari ayaa afgambiyay Diem, isaga iyo walaalkii Ngo Dinh Nhu waa la dilay.
>> 6 November – General Duong Van Minh, oo hogaaminaya Guddiga Militariga Kacaanka, ayaa la wareegaya hoggaanka Koonfurta Vietnam.
>15 November – Kadib saadaasha uu sameeyay Xoghayaha Difaaca McNamara ee ahaa in doorka militariga Mareykanka uu dhamaan doono 1965, dowladda Mareykanka. Waxa uu ku dhawaaqay in 1,000 ka mid ah 15,000 oo la taliyayaal Maraykan ah oo ku sugan Koonfurta Vietnam laga saari doono horaanta DecemberTexas Toddobaadyadii u dambeeyay ee noloshiisa, Madaxweyne Kennedy waxa uu la legdamay mustaqbalka ballanqaadka Ameerika ee Vietnam.