Haddii sheekada sahaminta aadamaha ay u badan tahay halyeyga ragga, waxa ay ahayd oo keliya in ay iyaga qoreen.

Muddo qarniyo ah, tacaburku waxa loo qaadan jiray dhaqan ahaan in uu yahay domain lab ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqti ka dib, si kastaba ha ahaatee, haweenka xoogga leh oo aan cabsi lahayn ayaa ka soo horjeeda heshiisyada iyo filashooyinka bulsheed ee socdaalka adduunka.

Halkan waxaa ah 10 ka mid ah sahamiyayaal dumar ah oo aan caadi ahayn.

1. Jeanne Baret (1740-1807)

Jeanne Baret waxay ahayd haweenaydii ugu horaysay ee abid soo dhamaysata socdaalka aduunka

Dabiiciga Philibert Commerson oo la socday socdaalkii aduunka ee Étoile. Waqtigaas, ciidamada badda ee Faransiisku uma ogolaadeen dumarka in ay raacaan maraakiibta.

Sawirka Jeanne Barret, 1806 (Credit: Cristoforo Dall'Acqua)

> Saddex sano oo u dhexeeya 1766 iyo 1769, Baret waxay ku safartay markabka 300 oo nin ilaa ugu dambeyntii laga helay

Markii ay ku soo laabatay Faransiiska, ciidamada badda waxay abaal-marin u siiyeen "haweeneydan aan caadiga ahayn" iyo shaqadeeda dhirta iyagoo siinaya hawlgab dhan 200 livres sanad.

Hal geed oo la rumaysan yahay in ay iyadu heshay ayaa ahayd bougainvillea, geed canab ah oo guduudan oo loogu magac daray hoggaamiyihii markabka duulista, Louis Antoine de Bougainville.

2. Ida Pfeiffer (1797-1858)

Ida Pfeiffer waxay ahayd mid ka mid ah sahamiyayaashii dumarka ahaa ee aduunka ugu horeeyay - uguna waynaa abid.

Safarkeedii ugu horeeyaywaxay ahayd Dhulka Barakaysan. Halkaa, waxay u safartay Istanbul, Jerusalem iyo Giza, iyada oo u socdaalaysa Ahraamta iyada oo ku socota geela. Socdaalkeedii soo laabashada, waxay u soo safartay Talyaaniga.

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Ida Laura Reyer-Pfeiffer (Credit: Franz Hanfstaengl)

Intii u dhaxaysay 1846 iyo 1855, tacabiirtii Awstariya waxay soo safartay qiyaastii 32,000 km. dhanka dhulka iyo 240,000 km dhanka badda. Waxay u safartay Koonfur-bari Aasiya, Ameerika, Bariga Dhexe iyo Afrika - oo ay ku jiraan laba safar oo adduunka ah.

Inta lagu jiro safarradeeda, inta badan kaligeed, Pfeiffer waxay soo ururisay dhirta, cayayaanka, molluscs, nolosha badda iyo noocyada macdanta. Joornaalada ugu iibka badan waxaa lagu turjumay 7 luqadood.

In kasta oo ay geesinnimadeeda iyo guulaheeda baaxadda leh, haddana Pfeiffer waxaa laga mamnuucay in ay ka mid noqoto Royal Geographical Society of London jinsigeeda awgeed.

3. Isabella Bird (1831-1904)

Sahamiye Ingiriisi ah, qoraa, sawirqaade iyo dabiciiste, Isabella Bird waxay ahayd haweenaydii ugu horreysay ee lagu daro Royal Geographic Society of London hurdo la'aan iyo buro laf dhabarta ah, Shimbir ayaa diiday amarkii dhakhaatiirta ee ahaa inay u safraan America, Australia, Hawaii, India, Kurdistan, Gacanka Faaris, Iran, Tibet, Malaysia, Korea, Japan iyo China.

Isabella Shimbir (Credit: Public domain)

Waxay kor u kacday buuro, waxay cagta saartay fulkaanooyin waxayna fuushay fardo - iyo marmar maroodi - iyada oo dhaaftay kumanaan mayl. Safarkeedii ugu dambeeyay - Morocco -Waxay ahayd 72 jir.

Waxay qortay buuggeedii ugu horreeyay, 'The Englishwoman in America', 1854 ka dib markii ay ka dhooftay Britain una socotay Ameerika. 'Nolosha Marwada ee Buuraha Rocky', 'Tradadka aan la garaacin ee Japan' iyo 'Dooxada Yangtze iyo Beyond'. Dhammaantood waxa lagu sawiray sawirkeeda.

Sannadkii 1892-kii, waxa lagu daray Royal Geographical Society of London si loogu sharfo wax-ka-qabashada suugaanta socdaalka.

4. Annie Smith Peck (1850-1935)

Annie Smith Peck (Credit: YouTube).

Annie Smith Peck waxa ay ahayd mid ka mid ah dadkii buuraleyda ahaa ee qarnigii 19-aad ugu weynaa.

1>Si kasta oo ay tahay in lagu ammaano in ay ku guulaysatay in ay dhigato rikoodhada fuulista buuraha, haddana dhaleecaynteedu waxay si isdaba joog ah u muujiyeen sida ay uga xun yihiin xidhashada jubbada dheer iyo surwaalka. Buur- fuulista adag ee ay ku luminayso xooggeeda iyo in ay nolosheeda halis geliso goono waa nacasnimo xad dhaaf ah.

Marka laga reebo shaqadeeda sidii qof buur fuulle ah, Peck waxa ay wax ka qortay oo ay cashar ka bixisay waaya-aragnimadeeda. Waxay kaloo ahayd cod-bixiye adag.

Sannadkii 1909-kii, waxay taagtay calan uu ku qoran yahay "Codadka Haweenka!" Buurta Coropuna ee Peru.

Kooxda ugu sarreysa ee Huascarán ee Peru waxa loo beddelay Cumbre Aña Peck (1928) iyada oo lagu sharfayo qofkii ugu horreeyay ee fuula.

Peck waxay kortay buurteedii ugu dambaysay - 5,367 ft Mount Madison oo ku taal New Hampshire - oo ku taal theda'da 82.

5. Nellie Bly (1864-1922)

Nellie Bly (Credit: H. J. Myers) . magangelyo waalan. Daah-furkeeda waxay keentay dib-u-habeyn ballaaran oo lagu sameeyay xarumaha maskaxda, xarumaha dhididka, xarumaha agoonta iyo xabsiyada.

14kii Noofambar 1889, Bly - oo dhalatay Elizabeth Jane Cochrane - waxay go'aansatay inay tartan cusub u gasho wargeyska 'World New York' .

Iyadoo uu dhiirigelinayo novel Jules Verne, 'Around the World in 80 days', saxafiga Maraykanka ah waxa ay damacday in ay garaacdo rikoorka khiyaaliga ah ee globetrotting. waa lagu heshiiyey - laakiin wuxuu is yidhi nin ha tago. Bly way diiday ilaa ay ka heshiiyaan.

Kaligeed iyada oo dharkii dhabarka u sita oo boorso yar oo kaliya, waxay ku dhaqaaqday uumi. Mayl laga bilaabo England ilaa Faransiiska, Singapore ilaa Japan, iyo California oo dib ugu noqda Xeebta Bari - maraakiibta, tareenada, rickshaws, fardo iyo baqlo. u safri aduunka in ka yar 80 maalmood.

6. Gertrude Bell (1868-1926)

Gertrude Bell ee Baabuloon, Ciraaq da'deeda, sahaminta Bariga Dhexe, Aasiyaiyo Yurub.

Waxay ahayd haweenaydii ugu horreysay ee ku qaadata shahaadada heerka koowaad (laba sano oo keliya) taariikhda casriga ah ee Oxford, iyo tii ugu horreysay ee wax ku biirta wax weyn ku soo kordhisa cilmiga qadiimiga ah, dhismaha iyo luqadaha bari.<2                                                                                                                   oo aad ugu-qaali-sare ah’oo aad uguhadlaya luqadda Faaris iyo Carabiga,.

samaynta. Waxay aad u rumaysatay in alaabaha iyo waxyaalaha qadiimiga ah lagu hayo waddamadooda.

Ilaa maanta buugaagteeda ay ka mid yihiin 'Safar Nameh', 'Poems from the Divan of Hafiz', 'Desert and the Sown'. 'Kunka Kaniisadaha' iyo 'Amurat to Amurath', weli waa la daraaseeyaa.

Dhaxalkeedii ugu weynaa wuxuu ahaa aasaaskii dawladda Ciraaq ee casriga ah 1920-meeyadii. Matxafka Qaranka Ciraaq, oo ku yaal ururinta ugu weyn adduunka ee qadiimiga Mesopotamian, waxay ka dhalatay dadaalkeeda.

> 7. Annie Londonderry (1870-1947)

Annie Londonderry waxay ahayd haweenaydii ugu horaysay ee baaskiil ku wareejisa aduunka, 1894 ilaa 1895 Socdaalkeeda si ay u dejiso ganacsi.

Laba nin oo ganacsato reer Boston ah oo taajir ah ayaa $20,000 ka qaatay $10,000 oo aan qof dumar ahi dunidoo dhan 15 bilood gudahood baaskiil ku raaci karin. Da'da 23, waxay ka soo kacday gurigeeda oo soo gashayStardom.

Waxay ku beddeshay $100, Londonderry waxay ogolaatay inay ku lifaaqdo xayaysiis baaskiilkeeda - kii ugu horreeyay ee qorshayaasheeda lacag-samaynta ah si ay u maalgeliso socdaalkeeda.

Sidoo kale eeg: Sidee Magaalada London Uga Soo Kabsatay Qaraxii Bishopsgate? > <1 The San Francisco Examiner, 1895 (Credit: Public domain).

Intay jidka ku sii jireen, waxay soo jeedisay muxaadarooyin waxayna bixisay bandhigyo, iyada oo dad badan u habaynaysa qisooyinkeeda. Waxay saxiixday oo iibisay alaab xusuus ah waxayna si xor ah waraysiyo siisay wargeysyada

Waxay ku andacootay inay ugaarsatay shabeelka Bengal ee Hindiya, in garabka laga toogtay iyadoo ku sugan jiida hore ee dagaalka Shiinaha iyo Japan, in ay iyadu Burcadda Faransiiska ayaa xabsiga u taxaabtay. Dhagaystayaashu way u riyaaqeen.

Sidoo kale eeg: Gorgorku Wuu Soo Degay: Saamaynta raagta ee Dan Dare

Markii ay ku soo noqotay Boston iyada oo cudud jaban, tacaburkeeda waxa uu wargeysku ku tilmaamay:

Socdaalkii ugu yaabka badnaa abid ee ay haweenay qaado

> 8. Raymonde de Laroche (1882-1919)

Raymonde de Laroche waxay ahayd haweenaydii ugu horaysay aduunka ee haysata shatiga duuliyaha, 8 March 1910. Waqtigaas, waxay ahayd kaliya qofkii 36-aad ee qaata shatiga duuliyaha.

Diyaaradii ugu horreysay ee Aktaradii hore ee Faransiiska ayaa timid hal safar oo kaliya iyadoo rakaab ah. Waxaa lagu soo waramayaa in ay nafteeda u maareysay "qabow, sax ah oo degdeg ah".

De Laroche waxa ay ka qayb qaadatay bandhigyada duulista ee Heliopolis, Budapest iyo Rouen. Intii lagu guda jiray bandhiga St Petersburg, waxaa si shakhsi ah ugu hambalyeeyay Tsar Nicolas II.

Raymonde de Laroche(Credit: Edouard Chateau à Mourmelon).

Waxay si xun ugu dhaawacantay bandhig-haweed, laakiin waxay dib u bilawday duulimaadkeeda laba sano ka dib. Intii lagu jiray dagaalkii koowaad ee aduunka, waxa ay u adeegtay dirawal milatari iyada oo duulista loo arkayay in ay aad khatar ugu tahay dumarka.

Waxay dhimatay 1919kii markii diyaaradii tijaabada ahayd ee ay duulinaysay ay ku burburtay Le Crotoy, France.

9. Bessie Coleman (1892-1926)

Bessie Coleman waxa ay ahayd Duuliye Madoow ee ugu horeeyay ee dumar ah. Intii ay ku jirtay nolosheeda naxdinta leh ee kooban iyo shaqadeeda, waxa ay si joogto ah ula kulantay midab-takoor jinsi iyo jinsi.

Manicurist-ka dukaanka timo-jaraha ee Chicago, Coleman waxa uu maqli jiray sheekooyinka duuliyayaasha ka soo guryo noqonaya Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka. Waxay qaadatay shaqo labaad si ay lacag u kaydsato si ay u barato duulimaadka

>Coleman oo laga mamnuucay iskuulada duulista ee Maraykanka midabka maqaarkeeda awgeed, Coleman waxa ay nafteeda baratay Faransiiska si ay ugu safarto Faransiiska deeq waxbarasho si ay u qaadato casharro duulimaad ah .

Bessie Coleman (Credit: George Rinhart/Corbis via Getty Images)

Waxay heshay shatiga duuliyeheeda 1921 - laba sano ka hor haweenaydii caanka ahayd ee duuliyaha hawada sare, Amelia Earhart. Waxay sidoo kale ahayd qofkii ugu horreeyay ee madow ah ee hela shatiga duuliyaha caalamiga ah

Kadib markii uu ku laabtay Mareykanka, Coleman wuxuu noqday mid ku caan baxay warbaahinta - oo loo yaqaan "Queen Bess" - wuxuuna sameeyay bandhig faneedka hawada.

Waxay u muuqatay inay lacag u aruuriso dugsi duulimaad oo Mareykan ah oo duulimaad ah, oo diiday inay ka qeybqaato wax kastaDhacdooyin la kala soocay.

Nasiib darro, shaqadeedii iyo nolosheeda yaabka lahayd waxay dhammaatay markii ay geeriyootay intii lagu guda jiray bandhig faneedka ku celcelinta da'da 34.

10. Amelia Earhart (1897-1937)

Amelia Earhart (Credit: Harris & Ewing) Duuliyihii ugu horreeyay ee ka tallaaba badweynta Atlaantigga iyo Baasifigga.

Markii ay gabadh yar ahayd, Earhart waxa ay xiisaynaysay duulista ka dib markii ay ka soo qaybgashay bandhig duullimaadyo. Waxay qaadatay casharkeedii ugu horreeyay ee duulista 3 Janaayo 1921; 6 bilood ka dib, waxay iibsatay diyaarad iyada u gaar ah.

Waxay ahayd haweenaydii 16-aad ee abid la siiyo shatiga duulista, wax yar ka dibna waxay jabisay rikoodho badan oo xawaare iyo joog ah.

June 1928-kii. 7 sano ka dib casharkeedii ugu horeeyay, waxay noqotay haweeneydii ugu horeysay ee ka gudubta badweynta Atlantika diyaaradda Friendship , iyadoo ka duushay Newfoundland, Canada kuna sii jeeday Burry Port ee Wales 21 saacadood gudahood.

Markii ugu horeysay. Duulimaadka kaliya ee transatlantic wuxuu dhacay 1932 wuxuuna socday 15 saacadood. Saddex sano ka dib, Earhart waxay noqotay duuliyihii ugu horreeyay ee keligiis uga duula Hawaii una socda California.

Iyadoo ah qoraa duulista ee majaladda 'Cosmopolitan', waxay ku dhiirigelisay haweenka kale inay duulaan waxayna gacan ka gaysatay helitaanka 99s: Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Duuliyeyaasha Haweenka .

Si naxdin leh Earhart ayaa la waayay meel ka mid ah Badweynta Baasifigga isagoo isku dayaya inuu sameeyo rikoor ku wareegaya caalamka, waxaana lagu dhawaaqay "laga badiyaybadda”. Meydkeeda weligeed lama helin.