Shaxda tusmada
A 'Black Cab' oo ku taal horteeda Palace of Westminster, 16 Abriil 2015 Image Credit: nui7711 / Shutterstock.com'Qaabka madow', oo si rasmi ah loo yaqaan gaari Hackney ah, wuxuu noqday astaanta caanka ah ee London, ku xifaaltama sanduuqa taleefanka cas iyo baska labajibbaaran ee caanka ah. Taariikhda taxicabyadu waxay dib ugu soo noqdaan wakhti ka badan marka hore la filayo, iyada oo ugu horrayntu ay tahay faraskii Tudor ee la sawiray. Qarnigii 19-aad waxa jiray kumannaan ka mid ah dadkan daabula magaalada London, iyadoo celcelis ahaan qiimihiisu ahaa 8 shilin (£22.97 sannadkii 2022)
Marka ay dhashaan warshadaha baabuurta waxaa jiri doona kacaan aduunka tagsiga. Gawaadhida hackney-ga ee ugu horeysay ee si toos ah otomaatig u ah, waxay ahaayeen koronto, laakiin cilladaha tignoolajiyada ayaa ka dhigay kuwo aan la tartami karin marka loo eego baabuurta shidaalka ku shaqeysta. Tan iyo markii la aasaasay, waxaa jiray naqshado kala duwan oo kala duwan oo lagu wado waddooyinka London, inkastoo ilaa hadda ugu caansan waa Austin FX4 madow, kaas oo noqday qaabka caadiga ah ee ku dhawaad 30 sano.
Halkan waxaan sahaminnaa kuwa gaarka ah iyo Taariikhda soo jiidashada leh ee sawiradan London.
Gaadhi faras-ku-jiid ah
Gaadhi faras-ku-jiid ah, oo loo yaqaan tababarayaasha hackney, waxay ka shaqaynayeen waddooyinka London tan iyo wakhtiyadii Tudor. Muwaadiniinta hodanka ah ayaa kiraysan doona baabuurtooda si ay dib ugu helaan lacag aad loogu baahan yahay. Bartamihii qarnigii 18-aad kumannaan tababarayaal hackney ah ayaa ahaasiday dadka reer London ee magaalada oo dhan.
Cabriolet. Laga soo guuriyay "Bilaha Qaadista" - Vol 16 - No 1 - April 1880
Sidoo kale eeg: Maxay ahayd Doorkii Winston Churchill ee Dagaalkii Koowaad ee Adduunka?Sawirka Xuquuqda: Kaydka Qaranka ee Beerta Kulliyadda
> Horraantii qarnigii 19aad nooc cusub oo tababare ah ayaa yimid xeebaha UK oo ka yimid Faransiiska - Cabriolet. Waxay gaadheen xawli sare oo way ka jaban yihiin tababarayaashii hore ee hackney, taasoo ka dhigaysa soo dejinta Faransiiska mid caan ah. Erayga casriga ah ee ‘cab’ waxa uu asalkiisu ka soo jeedaa kabiroole
Hansom cab, gaadhi laba taayir leh oo uu darawalku dhabarka ka taagan yahay, kuna socda waddo. Qiyaastii 1890-meeyadii
Sawirka: Sameeyaha aan la aqoon, Matxafka J. Paul Getty
Sannadihii 1830-aadkii Hansom cabs, oo leh naqshadeeda quruxda badan, ayaa timid suuqa UK, oo noqotay doorasho aad loo doonayo dadka raadinaya fuulid. Nooc kale oo aad loo jecel yahay ayaa ahaa gaadhiga afarta taayir leh ee Clarence, kaas oo lagu naanaysi jiray 'kormeeraha'. Waxay awood u yeelatay inay qaado xaddi badan oo shandad ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa ikhtiyaar faa'iido leh haddii qofku u baahdo inuu tago saldhigga tareenka.
> Aragtida ganacsiyo dhowr ah oo ku yaal Waddada Eastgate ee Chester, England. Kabaha faras-ku-jiidka ah waxay ku sugaan bartamaha waddada fuushannada.Sawirka Xuquuqda: Francis Frith (1822 - 1898), Matxafka J. Paul Getty
Gaadiidka Casriga ah ee ugu horreeya
Iyada oo horumarka degdega ah ee tignoolajiyada ganacsiga cabbisku uu galay qarniga cusub wuxuu si buuxda u xoogaysan doonaa. Waxaa yimid kaabsyadii ugu horreeyay ee korontoLondon 1897, laakiin si degdeg ah ayaa looga noqday sababtoo ah shilalka waddooyinka iyo khaladaadka farsamada ee isbiirsaday. Kaabayaasha batroolka ayaa taa beddelkeeda hoggaamin doona qarniga 20-aad.
Bersey Electric Cab, 1897, oo uu naqshadeeyey Walter Bersey (Maareeyaha Guud ee Shirkadda Korontada ee London). Berseys
Kooxaha Matxafka Sayniska
Sawirka Xuquuqda: © Guddida Maamulka Matxafka Sayniska
Mid ka mid ah tagsiga batroolka ee ugu caansan wuxuu ahaa French Unic Cab, kaas oo Mid ka mid ah ayaa laga heli karaa waddooyinka London laga bilaabo 1907 ilaa 1930-yadii. Erayga 'taxi' waxa uu galay ereyada wakhtigaas, ka dib markii ku xidhidhiyaha taximeter uu noqday mid qasab ku ah dhammaan cabsiyada.
Sidoo kale eeg: 5 Marxaladaha Xidhitaanka Jeebka Falaise
Model cusub oo ka yimid Unic, oo lagu dhisay Britain by United Motors, 1930 KF1 ayaa ahaa mid culus. oo qaali ah. In yar ayaa la iibiyay
Sawirka Xuquuqda: Bernard Spragg. NZ / Flickr.com
Taxicab-ka uu soo saaray Austin waxa uu noqday mid ka dhacay London intii lagu jiray 1930-meeyadii, iyada oo Austin 12/4 iyo Austin FX3 ay caddeeyeen in ay noqdeen guulo waaweyn. Inta lagu guda jiro interbellum mid ka mid ah waxaa laga heli karaa cabsiyada oo leh noocyo kala duwan oo midabo kala duwan.
>
>Austin London Taxicab ee shaqada, London 1949 >Sawirka Credit: Photo by Chalmers Butterfield Kor u kaca 'Black Cab'
Kadib Dagaalkii Labaad ee Adduunka Taksiyada waxaa si gaar ah loogu iibin jiray midab madow, taasoo keentay naanaysta 'Black Cab'. Kacaan cusub oo weyn ayaa dhacay 1958-kii, markaasoo qaabka ugu caansanWaqti kasta ayaa la soo bandhigay - Austin FX4. Ku dhawaad 40 sano waxa ay ahaan jirtay tagaasida ugu caansan London.
An Austin FX4 in 1976
Image Credit: peterolthof / Flickr.com
Mid ka mid ah Sababaha cimri-dhererkeeda waxa ay ahayd xaalad dhaqaale xumo oo 1970-meeyadii iyo 80-meeyadii, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid aad u adkeyd in lagu beddelo kaabsyadii hore oo lagu beddelo noocyo cusub.
Austin FX4 cabs baabuur wadista London, 1970-meeyadii
Image Credit: daves_archive1 / Flickr.com
>Naqshadda FX4 ayaa wali u adeegi jirtay saldhigga casriga ah ee TX4, kuwaas oo ah wakhtigan kuwa ugu caansan ee loo yaqaan 'cabs madow' gudaha London.
Taksi TX4 ah, London 16 Janaayo 2019
Sawirka Xuquuqda: Longfin Media / Shutterstock.com